Socio-Economic Factors Determining Subjective Perceptions Of Well-Being

This chapter presents a comprehensive review of the scientific literature on socioeconomic factors that influence the subjective perception of happiness. The research covers multiple dimensions that shape individual well-being, from economic aspects to socio-cultural and environmental elements. The analysis examines the interrelationship of key variables such as income, education and employment, as well as the importance of social relationships, including interpersonal interactions and social support networks. The research reveals differentiated patterns by geographical context: in developed countries, factors such as income, education and health have a greater influence on subjective well-being than in developing countries. The findings indicate that environmental quality significantly impacts perceptions of happiness. Specifically, exposure to air pollution shows a negative correlation with well-being, while factors such as social support and autonomy in decision-making contribute positively. Additionally, the political-in-206 Marcelo Sánchez-Oro, Antonio Jurado-Málaga and Rafael Robina-Ramírez stitutional framework, particularly the degree of economic freedom, emerges as a relevant determinant of subjective well-being. The study shows that the perception of happiness results from a complex interaction between socioeconomic , environmental and cultural factors. This multidimensional perspective underlines that human well-being transcends purely material metrics, incorporating elements such as social capital, individual freedom and the quality of the living environment. This holistic understanding is fundamental for the design of public policies aimed at improving social well-being.

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